西安激光切割加工怎樣做到高精度

摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">西安激光切割加工怎樣做到高精度</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;"><a href="http://m.chaoxu.cc/timemodel/secondctg/2013-10-26/3147512/1.html" target="_blank">西安激光切割</a>是激光加工中技術應用非常廣泛的加工方法，是激光加工行業中一項特別重要的應用技術，激光切割已廣泛地應用于汽車、航空、化工、等工業部門中。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">西安激光切割的原理是將激光束照射到工件表面時釋放的能量來使工件融化并蒸發，以達到切割和雕刻的目的。切割精度是衡量激光切割機加工效果的一個重要組成部分，但是激光切割精度也不完全取決于設備本身，而是由多方面因素組成。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">其中，影響西安激光切割加工精度的幾個重要因素：</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">、激光束通過聚焦后的光斑的大小：激光束聚集后的光斑越小，激光切割加工精度越高，特別是切縫較小，*小的光斑可達</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">0.01mm</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">2</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">、工作臺的走位精度決定著激光切割加工的重復精度，工作臺精度越高，切割的精度越高。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">3</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">、工件厚度越大，精度越低，切縫越大。由于激光光束為錐形，切縫也是錐形，厚度</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">0.3MM</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">的材料比</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">2MM</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">的切縫小的多。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">4</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">、工件材質對<a href="http://m.chaoxu.cc/timemodel/secondctg/2013-10-26/3147512/1.html" target="_blank">激光切割精度</a>有一定影響。同樣情況下，不同材質的切割精度也稍有不同</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">即使是同一材質</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">如果材料的成分不同</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">切割的精度也會有差異。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">那么，<a href="http://m.chaoxu.cc/timemodel/secondctg/2013-10-26/3147512/1.html" target="_blank">激光切割</a>加工時怎么才能做到高精度呢？以下是提高激光切割加工精度的幾個關鍵技術：</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">一、焦點位置控制技術。聚焦透鏡焦深越小，焦點光斑直徑就越小，因此控制焦點相對于被切材料表面的位置十分重要。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">二、切割穿孔技術。任何一種熱切割技術，除少數情況可以從板邊緣開始外，一般都必須在板上穿一小孔。早先在激光沖壓復合機上是用沖頭先沖出一孔，然后再用激光從小孔處開始進行切割。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">三、嘴設計及氣流控制技術。激光切割鋼材時，氧氣和聚焦的激光束是通過噴嘴射到被切材料處，從而形成一個氣流束。對氣流的基本要**進入切口的氣流量要大，速度要高，以便足夠的氧化使切口材料充分進行放熱反應</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">同時又有足夠的動量將熔融材料噴射吹出。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">激光切割無毛刺，皺折、精度高，優于等離子切割。對許多機電制造行業來說，由于微機程序的現代化激光切割系統能方便切割不同形狀與尺寸的工件</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">工件圖紙也可修改</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">)</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">，它往往比沖切、模壓工藝更被優先選用；盡管它加工速度慢于模沖，但它沒有模具消耗，無需修理模具，還節約更換模具時間，從而節省加工費用，降低產品成本，所以從總體上講在經濟上更為合算。這也正是其受到歡迎的原因。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>